Imigodi yeUranium kumazantsi eTanzania isephantsi kokujongwa ngamaqela olondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle axhalabileyo ngenxa yeziphumo ezibi zoqoqosho kunye nemingcipheko yempilo kwizilwanyana zasendle kunye nemingcipheko kubahlali abangabamelwane bepaki enkulu yezilwanyana zasendle yaseTanzania, iSelous Game Reserve.
I-WWF (i-World Wide Fund for Nature, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-World Wildlife Fund e-US naseKhanada), i-Ofisi yeLizwe yaseTanzania yayivakalise ukuxhalaba kwayo malunga nokumbiwa kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-uranium kwi-Selous Game Reserve, indawo enkulu yolondolozo lwezilwanyana zasendle e-Afrika, esithi imisebenzi yezemigodi nemizi-mveliso eyenziwa kuMlambo uMkuju ngaphakathi kwendawo egciniweyo yezilwanyana zasendle ingabeka emngciphekweni uqoqosho lwexesha elide kwaye ifake emngciphekweni wezempilo kubantu kunye noqoqosho lwaseTanzania ngokubanzi.
Amaxhala e-WWF alandela uphuhliso oluxelwe yinkampani yemigodi ye-Uranium, i-Rosatom, ebisandula kutyikitya isivumelwano sokusebenzisana (MOU) neKomishoni ye-Athom ye-Athom yaseTanzania (TAEC) ukuphuhlisa i-reactor yophando lwamandla enyukliya eTanzania.
I-Rosatom, i-arhente karhulumente yaseRashiya ye-uranium, yinkampani engumzali we-Uranium One enikwe imvume ngurhulumente waseTanzania yokomba nokukhupha iuranium kuMlambo uMkuju phakathi kweNdawo yezilwanyana yaseSelous.
Usekela Mongameli we-Uranium One u-Andre Shutov uthe i-Rosatom iza kuqalisa ukwakha i-reactor yophando njengenqanaba lokuqala lokwazisa uphuhliso lwamandla enyukliya eTanzania.
Uthe ukuveliswa kwe-uranium kuya kuba yinjongo ephambili yenkampani yakhe, kwaye imveliso yokuqala iya kwenziwa kwi-2018 kunye nokulindela ukuvelisa ingeniso yenkampani kunye neTanzania.
“Asinakwenza naliphi na inyathelo elingalunganga njengoko silindele ukufikelela kwinqanaba lemveliso kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu,” utshilo uShutov.
Uthe inkampani isebenzise ubuchwephesha bamva nje bokukhutshwa kwe-uranium ngetekhnoloji ye-In-Situ Recovery (ISR) esetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela ukunqanda iingozi ezinobungozi ebantwini nakwizidalwa eziphilayo.
Kodwa i-WWF kunye nabalondolozi bendalo beze ngamanqindi, besithi imigodi ye-uranium eTanzania ayinanzuzo encinane xa kuthelekiswa nomonakalo oza kubangelwa kuyo yonke inkqubo yemigodi.
I-Ofisi ye-WWF eTanzania yathi imigodi ye-uranium kunye nezinye iiprojekthi zemizi-mveliso ezicetywe ngamashishini ezizwe ngezizwe kwindawo yoLondolozo lwezilwanyana zaseSelous ziya kukhokelela kumonakalo ongenakulungiseka, kungekuphela nje kokusingqongileyo ngokwenkqubo yayo yendalo, kodwa nakwishishini lokhenketho elixabisekileyo laseTanzania.
"Eli inokuba lithuba elikhulu kulawulo lwangoku eTanzania ukwenza isigqibo esiya kuba nelifa elifikelela kude," utshilo u-Amani Ngusaru, uMlawuli weLizwe weWWF eTanzania.
Urhulumente waseTanzania, esebenzisa i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMithombo yeNdalo kunye noKhenketho, ngo-2014, wamisela ummandla ogubungela iikhilomitha ezingama-350 ngaphakathi kweSelous Game Reserve kumazantsi eTanzania yesekethe yabakhenkethi ukuze kubiwe iuranium.
Ngokwememorandam yokuqonda, inkampani yemigodi ye-uranium iya kwenza amalinge abalulekileyo okulwa nokuzingelwa ngokungekho mthethweni ukusuka kwiyunifomu ye-scout yemidlalo, izixhobo kunye nezithuthi, uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kubuchwephesha basehlathini, unxibelelwano, ukhuseleko, ukuhamba ngenqanawa, kunye neendlela zokulwa nokuzingela.
Ingcali ye-Extractive kunye ne-Energy kunye ne-WWF ye-Ofisi yaseTanzania, uMnumzana uBrown Namgera, uthe imingcipheko yokusasaza ulwelo lwe-leaching ngaphandle kwediphozithi ye-uranium ebandakanya ukungcoliswa kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba okulandelayo ayinakulawulwa.
“Izinto ezingcolisayo ezihamba phantsi kweemeko zokunciphisa imichiza, njengeradium, azinakulawuleka. Ukuba iimeko zokunciphisa iikhemikhali kamva ziphazamiseka ngenxa yaso naziphi na izizathu, ungcoliseko olunamanzi luphinda luhlanganiswe; inkqubo yokubuyisela ithatha ixesha elide kakhulu, ayizizo zonke iiparameters ezinokuthotywa ngokufanelekileyo, "watsho.
Unjingalwazi uHussein Sossovele, uMphandi oMkhulu wezokusiNgqongileyo eTanzania uxelele i-eTN ukuba imigodi ye-uranium ngaphakathi kweSelous Game Reserve ingakhokelela kwiziphumo eziyingozi kwipaki.
Ngokuthelekisayo, umgodi we-uranium unokwenza ngaphantsi kwe-US$5 yezigidi ngonyaka, ngelixa iinzuzo zokhenketho zizi-US$6 sezigidi kubakhenkethi abatyelela le paki nyaka ngamnye.
"Akukho nzuzo ebalulekileyo ekutsalweni kwe-uranium kule ndawo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba iindleko zokwakha izibonelelo zamandla enyukliya zibiza kakhulu ukuba iTanzania ikwazi ukuyihlawula," watsho.
Iprojekthi yoMlambo uMkuju ibekwe phakathi kweSelous Sedimentary Basin, inxalenye yeKaroo Basin enkulu. UMlambo iMkuju yiprojekthi yophuhliso lweuranium ebekwe kumazantsi eTanzania, kuma-470 km kumzantsi-ntshona wesixeko esilikomkhulu laseTanzania iDar es Salaam.
Urhulumente waseTanzania uthe lo mgodi uza kuvelisa iitoni ezizigidi ezingama-60 zenkunkuma ene-radioactive kunye netyhefu ngexesha leminyaka eyi-10 yobomi bayo kunye ne-139 yezigidi zeetoni ze-uranium ukuba ulwandiso oluqikelelweyo lomgodi luyaphunyezwa.
Igubungela ngaphezu kweeskwekhilomitha ezingama-50,000, iSelous yenye yeepaki ezinkulu zezilwanyana zasendle ezikhuselweyo ehlabathini kwaye yenye yemimandla eyintlango yokugqibela yaseAfrika.
Ipaki ekumazantsi eTanzania ineendlovu ezininzi, imikhombe emnyama, iingwenkala, iindlulamthi, iimvubu neengwenya, yaye ngokomlinganiselo ayiphazanyiswa ngabantu.
Yenye yezona ndawo zikhuselweyo ezinkulu ehlabathini kwaye yenye yeentlango zokugqibela zaseAfrika. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ibikade ingaphazanyiswanga ngabantu, nangona elinye icebo likwiphulo lokwakha idama lombane ophehlwa ngamanzi kumlambo iRufiji onqumla kule paki.
Ukubulawa kweendlovu ngokungekho mthethweni kuye kwanda kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje kangangokuba le paki iye yadweliswa njengenye yezona ndawo “zokubulala” iindlovu ezibi eAfrika yi-Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA).
ISelous Game Reserve igcina izilwanyana zasendle ezininzi kwilizwekazi laseAfrika, kuquka iindlovu ezingama-70,000 120,000, iinyathi ezingaphezu kwe-1896 XNUMX, iinyamakazi ezingaphezu kwesiqingatha sesigidi, kunye namawaka amabini ezilwanyana ezitya inyama, zonke zizulazula ngokukhululekileyo emahlathini, kwintshinyela yemilambo, kumathafa nakwiintaba. uluhlu. Imvelaphi yayo isukela kumaxesha olawulo lwamakoloniyali eJamani ngo-XNUMX, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona ndawo indala e-Afrika ekhuselweyo.
